Menu
Hardbone International (Pvt.) Ltd. offers construction services of Injection wells in Pakistan for Injection of Fluids, Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Wastes into Porous or Isolated Underground Rock Formations ranging from Deep Sandstone or Limestone to a Shallow Soil Layer. The fluids may include Water, Waste Water, Brine (Salt Water) or the Water Mixed with Chemicals, whereas Wastes may Comprise Hazardous on Non-Hazardous Wastes.
A professional team of Civil and Mechanical Engineers Convert a Newly Drilled Well or an Existing Production Well, enabling injection of water or gas into Development Field Reservoir to increase pressure at down hole for maintaining or increasing production.
Underground Injection Control has been Classified into 6 Classes on the basis of Type and Depth of Injection Activity and the Potential for that Injection Activity to Result in Endangerment of an Underground Source of Drinking Water (USDW).
Industries using class I UIC wells are Petroleum Refining, Metal Production, Chemical Production, Pharmaceutical Production, Commercial Disposal, Food production and Municipal Waste Water Treatment. Class I UIC Wells are further classified into 4 sub-categories:
Class II UIC Wells are used Exclusively to inject fluids, primarily Brine (Salt Water), that are brought to the surface while producing Oil and Gas. Following are the Three (03) categories of Class II UIC Wells;
Class III UIC Wells are used to inject fluids to dissolve and extract minerals such as Salt, Copper and Sulphur etc.
Class IV UIC wells are shallow wells used to dispose of Hazardous or Radioactive Wastes into or above a geological formation that contains an USDW. Common method to cleanup the ground water is known as “Pump & Treat” process. During this process, Pumping & Treating activity is repeated until contaminated concentration are required and additional removal becomes impossible.
Class V UIC Wells ranges from simple shallow wells to complex experimental injection technologies and are used to inject Non-hazardous Fluids underground. The Fluids are injected either into or above an USDW. These wells, include any UIC well that is not classified as Class I, II, III, IV or VI well. Most Class V UIC wells are “Low Tech” and depend on gravity to drain fluids directly below the land surface including Dry Wells, Cesspools, Septic System Leach Fields. “Low Tech” Class V UIC Wells that typically rely on gravity drainage include:
Some examples Class V UIC Wells include:
For the purpose of reduced CO2 emission into the atmosphere, to mitigate climate change, for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and for Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR), a long-standing practice of constructing wells to inject CO2 into deep rock formations is used. This long-term underground storage is called Geologic Sequestration (GS). So, GS may be referred to as the process of injecting CO2, captured from an Industrial (e.g: steel & cement production) or energy related sources (e.g: power plant or natural gas processing facility), into deep surface rock formation for long term storage. This is part of process frequently referred to as “Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)”. Class VI Well requirements are designed to protect USDW, addressing:
M/S Hardbone International (Pvt.) Ltd. is PEC and SECP Registered, ISO and OHSAS Certified Civil Construction and Engineering Consultant Company, offering Civil, 3D Architectural (Modeling & Rendering) Services.
Engineering Consultants