INJECTION WELLS

Hardbone International Pvt. Ltd offers construction services of Injection wells in Pakistan for injection of Fluids, Hazardous and Non-hazardous wastes into porous or isolated underground rock formations ranging from deep sandstone or limestone to a shallow soil layer. The fluids may include water, waste water, brine (salt water) or the water mixed with chemicals, whereas wastes may comprise Hazardous on Non-hazardous wastes.

A professional team of Civil and Mechanical Engineers convert a newly drilled well or an existing production well enabling injection of water or gas into development field reservoir to increase pressure at down hole for maintaining or increasing production.

Boreholes for distribution of fluids underground into porous rock formation or reservoir (e.g: Coal, Sandstone and limestone) below the shallow soil layer are the Re-Injection Wells, professionally designed and developed by learn of Civil and Mechanical Engineer at Hardbone International Pvt. ltd.

Underground Injection Control(UIC)

Underground Injection Control has been classified into 6 classes on the bases of type and depth of injection activity and the Potential for that Injection activity is result in endangerment of an underground source of Drinking Water(USDW).

Class I UIC wells: Industrial and Municipal Waste Disposal Wells:

Underground Injection Control has been classified into 6 classes on the bases of type and depth of injection activity and the Potential for that Injection activity is result in endangerment of an underground source of Drinking Water(USDW).
Class I UIC wells are further classified into 4 sub-categories:

Industries using class I UIC wells are petroleum Refining, Metal Production, Chemical Production, Pharmaceutical Production, Commercial disposal, Food production and Municipal waste water Treatment.

Class II UIC wells: Oil & Gas related Injection Wells:

Class II UIC wells are used exclusively to inject fluids, primarily brine(salt water), that are brought to the surface while producing oil and gas. Fluctuations in demand is production of Oil & Gas necessitates construction of class II UIC wells.

Class II UIC wells are further classified into 3 sub-categories:

Oil & Gas exploration companies also use hydration fracturing to stimulate wells and recover oil and natural gas form geologic formations or source rocks including coal beds, shades and tight sandstone.

Class III UIC wells: Injection Wells for Solution Mining:

Class III UIC wells are used to inject fluids to dissolve and extract minerals such Uranium, Salt, Copper and Sulphur.

Class IV UIC wells: Shallow Hazardous and Radioactive Injection Wells:

Class II UIC wells are shallow wells used to dispose of Hazardous and Radioactive wastes into or above a geologic formation that contains an USDW. In 1984, EPA banned the use of class IV UIC wells are used to cleanup ground water that is contaminated by Hazardous Chemicals.

Common method to cleanup the ground water is known as "Pump & Treat" process. During this process, Pumping & Treating activity is repeated until contaminated concentration are required and additional removal becomes impossible.

Class V UIC wells: Injection wells for Non-Hazardous Fluids:

Class V UIC wells rays from simple shallow wells to complex experimental injection technologies and are used to inject Non-hazardous Fluids underground. The Fluids are injected either into or above an USDW. These wells, include any UIC well that is not classified as class I, II, III, IV or VI well.

Most class V UIC wells are "low tech" and depend on gravity to drain fluids directly below the loud surface including Dry wells, Cesspools, Septic system leach fields.

"Low tech" class V UIC wells that typically rely on gravity drainage include:

Gas Stations where service floor drains lead to specific system.
Apartment bulidings that use septic systems for sanitary waste disposal.
Munupalities where stormwaste flows into dry wells.
Strip malls where business such as dry cleaner discharge sanitary waste and process chemicals into septic systems.
Office buldings that inject water passed through heat exchanges to cool the buildings.
Carwashes where waste water enters a floor drain that leads to a dry well or septic systems.

Whereas, more sophisticated class V wells may rely on gravity or use pressure systems for fluid injection. Some examples class V wells include:

Class VI UIC wells: Injection wells for Geologic Sequestration / Carbon Dioxide :

For the purpose of reduced CO2 emission into the atmosphere, to mitigate climate change, for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and for Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR), a long-standing practice of constructing wells to inject CO2 into deep rock formations is used.

This long-term underground storage is called Geologic Sequestration (GS). So, GS may be referred is as the process of injecting CO2, captured from an Industrial (e.g: steel is cement production) or energy related sources (e.g: power plant or natural gas processing facility), into deep surface rock formation for long term storage. This is part of process frequently reffered to as "Carbon Capture as Storage (CCS)".

Class VI well requirements are designed to protect USDW which addresses:

+92-51-280-3177

+92-300-98-86-627

info@hardbonepk.com

INJECTION WELLS

INJECTION WELLS

A professional team of Civil and Mechanical Engineers convert a newly drilled well or an existing production well enabling injection of water or gas into development field reservoir to increase pressure at down hole for maintaining or increasing production.

Boreholes for distribution of fluids underground into porous rock formation or reservoir (e.g: Coal, Sandstone and limestone) below the shallow soil layer are the Re-Injection Wells, professionally designed and developed by learn of Civil and Mechanical Engineer at Hardbone International Pvt. ltd.

Underground Injection Control(UIC)

Underground Injection Control has been classified into 6 classes on the bases of type and depth of injection activity and the Potential for that Injection activity is result in endangerment of an underground source of Drinking Water(USDW).

Class I UIC wells: Industrial and Municipal Waste Disposal Wells:

Industries using class I UIC wells are petroleum Refining, Metal Production, Chemical Production, Pharmaceutical Production, Commercial disposal, Food production and Municipal waste water Treatment.

Class II UIC wells: Oil & Gas related Injection Wells:

Class II UIC wells are used exclusively to inject fluids, primarily brine(salt water), that are brought to the surface while producing oil and gas. Fluctuations in demand is production of Oil & Gas necessitates construction of class II UIC wells.

Class II UIC wells are further classified into 3 sub-categories:

Oil & Gas exploration companies also use hydration fracturing to stimulate wells and recover oil and natural gas form geologic formations or source rocks including coal beds, shades and tight sandstone.

Class III UIC wells: Injection Wells for Solution Mining:

Class III UIC wells are used to inject fluids to dissolve and extract minerals such Uranium, Salt, Copper and Sulphur.

Class IV UIC wells: Shallow Hazardous and Radioactive Injection Wells:

Class II UIC wells are shallow wells used to dispose of Hazardous and Radioactive wastes into or above a geologic formation that contains an USDW. In 1984, EPA banned the use of class IV UIC wells are used to cleanup ground water that is contaminated by Hazardous Chemicals.

Common method to cleanup the ground water is known as "Pump & Treat" process. During this process, Pumping & Treating activity is repeated until contaminated concentration are required and additional removal becomes impossible.

Class V UIC wells: Injection wells for Non-Hazardous Fluids:

Class V UIC wells rays from simple shallow wells to complex experimental injection technologies and are used to inject Non-hazardous Fluids underground. The Fluids are injected either into or above an USDW. These wells, include any UIC well that is not classified as class I, II, III, IV or VI well.

Most class V UIC wells are "low tech" and depend on gravity to drain fluids directly below the loud surface including Dry wells, Cesspools, Septic system leach fields.

"Low tech" class V UIC wells that typically rely on gravity drainage include:

Whereas, more sophisticated class V wells may rely on gravity or use pressure systems for fluid injection. Some examples class V wells include:

Class VI UIC wells: Injection wells for Geologic Sequestration / Carbon Dioxide :

For the purpose of reduced CO2 emission into the atmosphere, to mitigate climate change, for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and for Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR), a long-standing practice of constructing wells to inject CO2 into deep rock formations is used.

Class VI well requirements are designed to protect USDW which addresses:

Hardbone International (Pvt.) Ltd.

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